{"id":33,"date":"2007-08-09T23:16:54","date_gmt":"2007-08-09T15:16:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/percy.blog.ubuntu.org.cn\/2007\/08\/09\/shell%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80\/"},"modified":"2007-08-09T23:16:54","modified_gmt":"2007-08-09T15:16:54","slug":"shell%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pjq.me\/?p=33","title":{"rendered":"shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81eahttp:\/\/www.a5d.com\/infoview\/Article_1071.asp<br \/>\n\u683c\u5f0f\u505a\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u52a8\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8865\u5145\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\/\u5165\u95e8\u6307\u5357\u3002<br \/>\n\u9274\u4e8e\u8bba\u575b\u91cc\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\/\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8f6c\u81f3\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/wiki.ubuntu.org.cn\/Shell%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80\">http:\/\/wiki.ubuntu.org.cn\/Shell%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fdb\u884cshell\u7f16\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u867d\u7136\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46shell\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002Shell\u4e0d\u4ec5\u96c6\u5408\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u975e\u5e38\u68d2\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u501f\u52a9shell\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u4efb\u52a1\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff1bshell\u7279\u522b\u64c5\u957f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u90a3\u4e9b\u6613\u7528\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u4fbf\u643a\u6027\u6bd4\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u770bshell\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684shell\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528bash (bourne again shell) \u8fdb\u884cshell\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3abash\u4e0d\u4ec5\u514d\u8d39\uff08\u81ea\u7531\uff09\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u811a\u672c\u90fd\u7528bash\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u811a\u672c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728bash\u7684\u524d\u8f88\uff0c bourne shell\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff09\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5b57\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982nedit\u3001kedit\u3001emacs\u3001vi\u7b49\u6765\u7f16\u5199shell\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n#!\/bin\/sh<\/p>\n<p>\u7b26\u53f7#!\u7528\u6765\u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u672c\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528\/bin\/sh\u3002\u7f16\u8f91\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\nchmod +x filename<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u8f93\u5165 .\/filename \u4fbf\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u91ca<\/p>\n<p>shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4ee5# \u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u884c\u8868\u793a\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u8bda\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u80fd\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u660e\u767d\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u2014\u2014\u6709\u4e86\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u66f4\u5229\u4e8e\u548c\u522b\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u4f60\u7684\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u3002shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u7531\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u8981\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n\u53d8\u91cf\u540d=\u503c<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a$\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\n#\u5bf9\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<br \/>\na=&#8221;hello world&#8221;<\/p>\n<p># \u6253\u5370\u53d8\u91cfa\u7684\u503c\uff1a<br \/>\necho &#8220;A is:&#8221; $a<\/p>\n<p>\u6311\u4e2a\u81ea\u5df1\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6first\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c chmod +x first \u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8f93\u5165 .\/first \u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u3002\u5176\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u7528:<br \/>\nA is: hello world<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u6587\u5b57\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\nnum=2<br \/>\necho &#8220;this is the $numnd&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa&#8221;this is the 2nd&#8221;\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u6253\u5370&#8221;this is the &#8220;\uff1b\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8eshell\u4f1a\u53bb\u641c\u7d22\u53d8\u91cfnumnd\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6b64\u65f6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u6765\u544a\u8bc9shell\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6253\u5370\u7684\u662fnum\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\nnum=2<br \/>\necho &#8220;this is the ${num}nd&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a this is the 2nd<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u4f5c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f97\u501f\u52a9\u8bf8\u5982 expr \u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u4ec5\u5728\u811a\u672c\u5185\u6709\u6548\u7684\u666e\u901ashell\u53d8\u91cf\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u90a3\u4e9b\u7531export\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Shell\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u5728shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u7c7b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1) Unix \u547d\u4ee4:<\/p>\n<p>\u5728shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u610funix\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u5b57\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\u53ca\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>echo &#8220;some text&#8221;: \u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<p>ls: \u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<p>wc \u2013l file wc -w file wc -c file: \u5206\u522b\u8ba1\u7b97\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff08line\uff09\u3001\u5355\u8bcd\u6570\uff08word\uff09\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\uff08character\uff09<\/p>\n<p>cp sourcefile destfile: \u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d<\/p>\n<p>mv oldname newname : \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>rm file: \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>grep &#8216;pattern&#8217; file: \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u548c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n<p>cut -b column file: \u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5c4f\u5e55\uff09\u4e0a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u884c\u7b2c5\u81f39\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26 cut -b5-9 file.txt\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u8981\u548ccat\u547d\u4ee4\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>cat file.txt: \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5c4f\u5e55\uff09\u4e0a<\/p>\n<p>file somefile: \u53d6\u5f97\u6587\u4ef6somefile\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n<p>read var: \u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u5185\u5bb9\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfvar<\/p>\n<p>sort file.txt: \u5bf9file.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f<\/p>\n<p>uniq: \u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5982\uff1a sort file.txt | uniq<\/p>\n<p>expr: \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5982\u8981\u8fdb\u884c2+3\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a: expr 2 &#8220;+&#8221; 3<\/p>\n<p>find: \u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u641c\u7d22\uff1afind . -name filename -print<\/p>\n<p>tee: \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907(\u5c4f\u5e55) \u548c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1asomecommand | tee outfile<\/p>\n<p>basename file: \u8fd4\u56de\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u5982\uff1a basename \/bin\/tux \u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de tux<\/p>\n<p>dirname file: \u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5982\uff1adirname \/bin\/tux \u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de \/bin<\/p>\n<p>head file: \u6253\u5370\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u51e0\u884c<\/p>\n<p>tail file : \u6253\u5370\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u51e0\u884c<\/p>\n<p>sed: Sed\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u66ff\u6362\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u5982\u547d\u4ee4\u7ba1\u9053\uff09\u8bfb\u5165\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u5c4f\u5e55\uff09\uff1b\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u91c7\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u548c shell\u4e2d\u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u76f8\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5c06 ubuntu \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a Ubuntu \uff1acat text.file | sed &#8216;s\/ubuntu\/Ubuntu\/&#8217; &gt; newtext.file<\/p>\n<p>awk: awk \u7528\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u7f3a\u7701\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u5272\u7b26\u662f\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -F \u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u5b83\u5206\u5272\u7b26\u3002cat file.txt | awk -F, &#8216;{print $1 &#8220;,&#8221; $3 }&#8217;\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 , \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u5272\u7b26\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a Adam Bor, 34, IndiaKerry Miller, 22, USA\uff0c\u5219\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\uff1aAdam Bor, IndiaKerry Miller, USA<\/p>\n<p>2) \u6982\u5ff5: \u7ba1\u9053, \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u548c backtick<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ba1\u9053 (|) \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\ngrep &#8220;hello&#8221; file.txt | wc -l<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5728file.txt\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5305\u542b\u6709\u201dhello\u201d\u7684\u884c\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u91ccgrep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6210\u4e86wc\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff1a\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u5c4f\u5e55\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n&gt; \u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8986\u76d6\u65e7\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>&gt;&gt; \u52a0\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u65e7\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u77ed\u659c\u7ebf<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u77ed\u659c\u7ebf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\nfind . -mtime -1 -type f -print<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u8fc7\u53bb24\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08-mtime \u20132\u5219\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb48\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u5185\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\n# The ticks are backticks (`) not normal quotes (&#8216;):<br \/>\ntar -zcvf lastmod.tar.gz `find . -mtime -1 -type f -print`<\/p>\n<p>3) \u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;if&#8221; \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u5219\u6267\u884cthen\u540e\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\nif &#8230;.; then<br \/>\n&#8230;.<br \/>\nelif &#8230;.; then<br \/>\n&#8230;.<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\n&#8230;.<br \/>\nfi<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4b\u8bd5\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5bf9\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8bfb\u7b49\u7b49\u2026\u901a\u5e38\u7528&#8221; [ ] &#8220;\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u524d\u540e\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n[ -f &#8220;somefile&#8221; ] \uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n[ -x &#8220;\/bin\/ls&#8221; ] \uff1a\u5224\u65ad\/bin\/ls\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u6709\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<br \/>\n[ -n &#8220;$var&#8221; ] \uff1a\u5224\u65ad$var\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u503c<br \/>\n[ &#8220;$a&#8221; = &#8220;$b&#8221; ] \uff1a\u5224\u65ad$a\u548c$b\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49<\/p>\n<p>\u6267\u884cman test\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\nif [ &#8220;$SHELL&#8221; = &#8220;\/bin\/bash&#8221; ]; then<br \/>\necho &#8220;your login shell is the bash (bourne again shell)&#8221;<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\necho &#8220;your login shell is not bash but $SHELL&#8221;<br \/>\nfi<\/p>\n<p>\u53d8\u91cf$SHELL\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u767b\u5f55shell\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u62ff\u5b83\u548c\/bin\/bash\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5feb\u6377\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/p>\n<p>\u719f\u6089C\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n[ -f &#8220;\/etc\/shadow&#8221; ] &amp;&amp; echo &#8220;This computer uses shadow passwors&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 &amp;&amp; \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u6377\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u771f\u5219\u6267\u884c\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u770b\u4f5c\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u8868\u793a\u5982\u679c\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6253\u5370\u201d This computer uses shadow passwors\u201d\u3002\u540c\u6837\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c(||)\u5728shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\n#!\/bin\/sh<\/p>\n<p>mailfolder=\/var\/spool\/mail\/james<br \/>\n[ -r &#8220;$mailfolder&#8221; ] || { echo &#8220;Can not read $mailfolder&#8221; ; exit 1; }<br \/>\necho &#8220;$mailfolder has mail from:&#8221;<br \/>\ngrep &#8220;^From &#8221; $mailfolder<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u9996\u5148\u5224\u65admailfolder\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u8bfb\u5219\u6253\u5370\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684&#8221;From&#8221; \u4e00\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb\u5219\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\u811a\u672c\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>-\u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<p>-\u9000\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4ee5\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5728\u4e0b\u6587\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u4e0d\u7528\u4e0e\u548c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528if\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4f1a\u66f4\u4fbf\u5229\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>case\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801:<br \/>\ncase &#8230; in<br \/>\n&#8230;) do something here ;;<br \/>\nesac<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0cfile\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fa8\u522b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\uff1afile lf.gz\uff0c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u7528:<br \/>\nlf.gz: gzip compressed data, deflated, original filename,<br \/>\nlast modified: Mon Aug 27 23:09:18 2001, os: Unix<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505asmartzip\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u538bbzip2, gzip \u548czip \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\nftype=`file &#8220;$1&#8243;`<br \/>\ncase &#8220;$ftype&#8221; in<br \/>\n&#8220;$1: Zip archive&#8221;*)<br \/>\nunzip &#8220;$1&#8221; ;;<br \/>\n&#8220;$1: gzip compressed&#8221;*)<br \/>\ngunzip &#8220;$1&#8221; ;;<br \/>\n&#8220;$1: bzip2 compressed&#8221;*)<br \/>\nbunzip2 &#8220;$1&#8221; ;;<br \/>\n*) error &#8220;File $1 can not be uncompressed with smartzip&#8221;;;<br \/>\nesac<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf$1\u3002\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>smartzip articles.zip<br \/>\n$1 \u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 articles.zip<\/p>\n<p>select \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cdbash\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u64c5\u957f\u4e8e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>select var in &#8230; ; do<br \/>\nbreak<br \/>\ndone<br \/>\n&#8230;. now $var can be used &#8230;.<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\n#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\necho &#8220;What is your favourite OS?&#8221;<br \/>\nselect var in &#8220;Linux&#8221; &#8220;Gnu Hurd&#8221; &#8220;Free BSD&#8221; &#8220;Other&#8221;; do<br \/>\nbreak<br \/>\ndone<br \/>\necho &#8220;You have selected $var&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>What is your favourite OS?<br \/>\n1) Linux<br \/>\n2) Gnu Hurd<br \/>\n3) Free BSD<br \/>\n4) Other<br \/>\n#? 1<br \/>\nYou have selected Linux<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728shell\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u7684loop\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>while &#8230;; do<br \/>\n&#8230;.<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p>while-loop \u5c06\u8fd0\u884c\u76f4\u5230\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e3a\u771f\u3002will run while the expression that we test for is true. \u5173\u952e\u5b57&#8221;break&#8221; \u7528\u6765\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u800c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u201dcontinue\u201d\u7528\u6765\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>for-loop\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868 (\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694) \u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>for var in &#8230;.; do<br \/>\n&#8230;.<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u6253\u5370ABC\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\nfor var in A B C ; do<br \/>\necho &#8220;var is $var&#8221;<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e3a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u811a\u672cshowrpm\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u4e9bRPM\u5305\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\n# list a content summary of a number of RPM packages<br \/>\n# USAGE: showrpm rpmfile1 rpmfile2 &#8230;<br \/>\n# EXAMPLE: showrpm \/cdrom\/RedHat\/RPMS\/*.rpm<br \/>\nfor rpmpackage in $*; do<br \/>\nif [ -r &#8220;$rpmpackage&#8221; ];then<br \/>\necho &#8220;=============== $rpmpackage ==============&#8221;<br \/>\nrpm -qi -p $rpmpackage<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\necho &#8220;ERROR: cannot read file $rpmpackage&#8221;<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf$*\uff0c\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u8fd0\u884cshowrpm openssh.rpm w3m.rpm webgrep.rpm<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6 $* \u5305\u542b\u4e86 3 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5373openssh.rpm, w3m.rpm and webgrep.rpm.<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u53f7<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5411\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f20\u9012\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u6269\u5c55\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8c13\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u628a\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff08\u6bd4\u5982*\uff09\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u5b83\u53d8\u91cf\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u8fd9\u79cd\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u53f7\uff1a\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2ajpg\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c mail.jpg \u548ctux.jpg\u3002<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\necho *.jpg<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u51fa&#8221;mail.jpg tux.jpg&#8221;\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u53f7 (\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u548c\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7) \u5c06\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u6269\u5c55\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\necho &#8220;*.jpg&#8221;<br \/>\necho &#8216;*.jpg&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u6253\u5370&#8221;*.jpg&#8221; \u4e24\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u91cf\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u6269\u5c55\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u53d8\u91cf\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\necho $SHELL<br \/>\necho &#8220;$SHELL&#8221;<br \/>\necho &#8216;$SHELL&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\/bin\/bash<br \/>\n\/bin\/bash<br \/>\n$SHELL<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u659c\u6746\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>echo *.jpg<br \/>\necho $SHELL<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>*.jpg<br \/>\n$SHELL<br \/>\nHere documents<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u8981\u5c06\u51e0\u884c\u6587\u5b57\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0chere documents\uff08\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u5230\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8be5\u8bcd\u9002\u5408\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff09\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5199\u4e00\u6bb5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6027\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u56db\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a here documents\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7528echo\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u884c\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002 \u4e00\u4e2a &#8220;Here document&#8221; \u4ee5 &lt;&lt; \u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u63a5\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u51fa\u73b0\u5728here document\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528here documents\u6253\u5370\u5e2e\u52a9\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\n# we have less than 3 arguments. Print the help text:<br \/>\nif [ $# -lt 3 ] ; then<br \/>\ncat &lt; ren &#8212; renames a number of files using sed regular expressions<\/p>\n<p>USAGE: ren &#8216;regexp&#8217; &#8216;replacement&#8217; files&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>EXAMPLE: rename all *.HTM files in *.html:<br \/>\nren &#8216;HTM$&#8217; &#8216;html&#8217; *.HTM<\/p>\n<p>HELP<br \/>\nexit 0<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\nOLD=&#8221;$1&#8243;<br \/>\nNEW=&#8221;$2&#8243;<br \/>\n# The shift command removes one argument from the list of<br \/>\n# command line arguments.<br \/>\nshift<br \/>\nshift<br \/>\n# $* contains now all the files:<br \/>\nfor file in $*; do<br \/>\nif [ -f &#8220;$file&#8221; ] ; then<br \/>\nnewfile=`echo &#8220;$file&#8221; | sed &#8220;s\/${OLD}\/${NEW}\/g&#8221;`<br \/>\nif [ -f &#8220;$newfile&#8221; ]; then<br \/>\necho &#8220;ERROR: $newfile exists already&#8221;<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\necho &#8220;renaming $file to $newfile &#8230;&#8221;<br \/>\nmv &#8220;$file&#8221; &#8220;$newfile&#8221;<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aif\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5426\u5c0f\u4e8e3\u4e2a (\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf$# \u8868\u793a\u5305\u542b\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570) \u3002\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u5c0f\u4e8e3\u4e2a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u5b57\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9cat\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7531cat\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5176\u6253\u5370\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002\u6253\u5370\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u5b57\u540e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e\u6216\u5927\u4e8e3\u4e2a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfOLD\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfNEW\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528shift\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u539f\u6765\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868$*\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf$file\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u901a\u8fc7sed\u547d\u4ee4\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u66ff\u6362\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u53cd\u77ed\u659c\u7ebf\u5185\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9newfile\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u65e7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528mv\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f1a\u65b9\u4fbf\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6837\u5b50\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>functionname()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n# inside the body $1 is the first argument given to the function<br \/>\n# $2 the second &#8230;<br \/>\nbody<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u58f0\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505axtitlebar\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505ahelp\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\n# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 et:<\/p>\n<p>help()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\ncat &lt; xtitlebar &#8212; change the name of an xterm, gnome-terminal or kde konsole<\/p>\n<p>USAGE: xtitlebar [-h] &#8220;string_for_titelbar&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>OPTIONS: -h help text<\/p>\n<p>EXAMPLE: xtitlebar &#8220;cvs&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>HELP<br \/>\nexit 0<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p># in case of error or if -h is given we call the function help:<br \/>\n[ -z &#8220;$1&#8221; ] &amp;&amp; help<br \/>\n[ &#8220;$1&#8221; = &#8220;-h&#8221; ] &amp;&amp; help<\/p>\n<p># send the escape sequence to change the xterm titelbar:<br \/>\necho -e &#8220;33]0;$107&#8221;<br \/>\n#<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u65b9\u4fbf\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\uff08\u548c\u60a8\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u89c1\u8fc7$* \u548c $1, $2 &#8230; $9 \u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684-h\u9009\u9879\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u60ef\u4f8b\u662f\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u51cf\u53f7\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u53c2\u6570\u503c (\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u540d)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u597d\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f7f\u7528case\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u65e0\u9057\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\nhelp()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\ncat &lt; This is a generic command line parser demo.<br \/>\nUSAGE EXAMPLE: cmdparser -l hello -f &#8212; -somefile1 somefile2<br \/>\nHELP<br \/>\nexit 0<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>while [ -n &#8220;$1&#8221; ]; do<br \/>\ncase $1 in<br \/>\n-h) help;shift 1;; # function help is called<br \/>\n-f) opt_f=1;shift 1;; # variable opt_f is set<br \/>\n-l) opt_l=$2;shift 2;; # -l takes an argument -&gt; shift by 2<br \/>\n&#8211;) shift;break;; # end of options<br \/>\n-*) echo &#8220;error: no such option $1. -h for help&#8221;;exit 1;;<br \/>\n*) break;;<br \/>\nesac<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p>echo &#8220;opt_f is $opt_f&#8221;<br \/>\necho &#8220;opt_l is $opt_l&#8221;<br \/>\necho &#8220;first arg is $1&#8221;<br \/>\necho &#8220;2nd arg is $2&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>cmdparser -l hello -f &#8212; -somefile1 somefile2<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>opt_f is 1<br \/>\nopt_l is hello<br \/>\nfirst arg is -somefile1<br \/>\n2nd arg is somefile2<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u811a\u672c\u9996\u5148\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u4e0ecase\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u4e14\u79fb\u9664\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6839\u636eunix\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5305\u542b\u51cf\u53f7\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u7f16\u7a0b\u6b65\u9aa4<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u811a\u672c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f2a\u811a\u672c\uff08framework.sh\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6570\u811a\u672c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u4e3b\u610f\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u811a\u672c\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e0bcopy\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>cp framework.sh myscript<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u518d\u63d2\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5230\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n<p>\u811a\u672c b2d \u5c06\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570 (\u6bd4\u5982 1101) \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528expr\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\n# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 et:<br \/>\nhelp()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\ncat &lt; b2h &#8212; convert binary to decimal<\/p>\n<p>USAGE: b2h [-h] binarynum<\/p>\n<p>OPTIONS: -h help text<\/p>\n<p>EXAMPLE: b2h 111010<br \/>\nwill return 58<br \/>\nHELP<br \/>\nexit 0<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>error()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n# print an error and exit<br \/>\necho &#8220;$1&#8221;<br \/>\nexit 1<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>lastchar()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n# return the last character of a string in $rval<br \/>\nif [ -z &#8220;$1&#8243; ]; then<br \/>\n# empty string<br \/>\nrval=&#8221;&#8221;<br \/>\nreturn<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\n# wc puts some space behind the output this is why we need sed:<br \/>\nnumofchar=`echo -n &#8220;$1&#8221; | wc -c | sed &#8216;s\/ \/\/g&#8217; `<br \/>\n# now cut out the last char<br \/>\nrval=`echo -n &#8220;$1&#8221; | cut -b $numofchar`<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>chop()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n# remove the last character in string and return it in $rval<br \/>\nif [ -z &#8220;$1&#8243; ]; then<br \/>\n# empty string<br \/>\nrval=&#8221;&#8221;<br \/>\nreturn<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\n# wc puts some space behind the output this is why we need sed:<br \/>\nnumofchar=`echo -n &#8220;$1&#8221; | wc -c | sed &#8216;s\/ \/\/g&#8217; `<br \/>\nif [ &#8220;$numofchar&#8221; = &#8220;1&#8221; ]; then<br \/>\n# only one char in string<br \/>\nrval=&#8221;&#8221;<br \/>\nreturn<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\nnumofcharminus1=`expr $numofchar &#8220;-&#8221; 1`<br \/>\n# now cut all but the last char:<br \/>\nrval=`echo -n &#8220;$1&#8221; | cut -b 0-${numofcharminus1}`<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>while [ -n &#8220;$1&#8221; ]; do<br \/>\ncase $1 in<br \/>\n-h) help;shift 1;; # function help is called<br \/>\n&#8211;) shift;break;; # end of options<br \/>\n-*) error &#8220;error: no such option $1. -h for help&#8221;;;<br \/>\n*) break;;<br \/>\nesac<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p># The main program<br \/>\nsum=0<br \/>\nweight=1<br \/>\n# one arg must be given:<br \/>\n[ -z &#8220;$1&#8243; ] &amp;&amp; help<br \/>\nbinnum=&#8221;$1&#8243;<br \/>\nbinnumorig=&#8221;$1&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>while [ -n &#8220;$binnum&#8221; ]; do<br \/>\nlastchar &#8220;$binnum&#8221;<br \/>\nif [ &#8220;$rval&#8221; = &#8220;1&#8221; ]; then<br \/>\nsum=`expr &#8220;$weight&#8221; &#8220;+&#8221; &#8220;$sum&#8221;`<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\n# remove the last position in $binnum<br \/>\nchop &#8220;$binnum&#8221;<br \/>\nbinnum=&#8221;$rval&#8221;<br \/>\nweight=`expr &#8220;$weight&#8221; &#8220;*&#8221; 2`<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p>echo &#8220;binary $binnumorig is decimal $sum&#8221;<br \/>\n#<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u6743\u503c (1,2,4,8,16,..)\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236&#8221;10&#8243;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>0 * 1 + 1 * 2 = 2<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u7528\u4e86lastchar \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528wc \u2013c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528cut\u547d\u4ee4\u53d6\u51fa\u672b\u5c3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002Chop\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5219\u662f\u79fb\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8bb8\u60a8\u662f\u60f3\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8fc7\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4f7f\u5bf9\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u53d8\u6162\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u811a\u672crotatefile \u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u90ae\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3aoutmail\uff09\u4e3aoutmail.1\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8eoutmail.1\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86outmail.2 \u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/sh<br \/>\n# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 et:<br \/>\nver=&#8221;0.1&#8243;<br \/>\nhelp()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\ncat &lt; rotatefile &#8212; rotate the file name<\/p>\n<p>USAGE: rotatefile [-h] filename<\/p>\n<p>OPTIONS: -h help text<\/p>\n<p>EXAMPLE: rotatefile out<br \/>\nThis will e.g rename out.2 to out.3, out.1 to out.2, out to out.1<br \/>\nand create an empty out-file<\/p>\n<p>The max number is 10<\/p>\n<p>version $ver<br \/>\nHELP<br \/>\nexit 0<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>error()<br \/>\n{<br \/>\necho &#8220;$1&#8221;<br \/>\nexit 1<br \/>\n}<br \/>\nwhile [ -n &#8220;$1&#8221; ]; do<br \/>\ncase $1 in<br \/>\n-h) help;shift 1;;<br \/>\n&#8211;) break;;<br \/>\n-*) echo &#8220;error: no such option $1. -h for help&#8221;;exit 1;;<br \/>\n*) break;;<br \/>\nesac<br \/>\ndone<\/p>\n<p># input check:<br \/>\nif [ -z &#8220;$1&#8221; ] ; then<br \/>\nerror &#8220;ERROR: you must specify a file, use -h for help&#8221;<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\nfilen=&#8221;$1&#8243;<br \/>\n# rename any .1 , .2 etc file:<br \/>\nfor n in 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1; do<br \/>\nif [ -f &#8220;$filen.$n&#8221; ]; then<br \/>\np=`expr $n + 1`<br \/>\necho &#8220;mv $filen.$n $filen.$p&#8221;<br \/>\nmv $filen.$n $filen.$p<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\ndone<br \/>\n# rename the original file:<br \/>\nif [ -f &#8220;$filen&#8221; ]; then<br \/>\necho &#8220;mv $filen $filen.1&#8243;<br \/>\nmv $filen $filen.1<br \/>\nfi<br \/>\necho touch $filen<br \/>\ntouch $filen<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a9\u52301\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u6587\u4ef69\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a10\uff0c\u6587\u4ef68\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3a9\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef61\u540c\u65f6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u540d\u7684\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8c03\u8bd5<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u547d\u4ee4\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u4f7f\u7528echo\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528echo\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6000\u7591\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6253\u5370\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684shell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u8981\u82b1\u8d3980%\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u8c03\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002Shell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2aecho\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>shell\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u811a\u672c&#8221;strangescript&#8221; \u4e2d\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>sh -x strangescript<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>shell\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u53ea\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>sh -n your_script<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u60a8\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u5199\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684shell\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u60a8\u73a9\u5f97\u5f00\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81eahttp:\/\/www.a5d.com\/infoview\/Article_1071.asp \u683c\u5f0f\u505a\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u52a8\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8865\u5145\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\/\u5165\u95e8\u6307\u5357\u3002 \u9274\u4e8e\u8bba\u575b\u91cc\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\/\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8f6c\u81f3\uff1a http:\/\/wiki.ubuntu.org.cn\/Shell%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fdb\u884cshell\u7f16\u7a0b Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u867d\u7136\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46shell\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002Shell\u4e0d\u4ec5\u96c6\u5408\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u975e\u5e38\u68d2\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u501f\u52a9shell\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u4efb\u52a1\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff1bshell\u7279\u522b\u64c5\u957f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u90a3\u4e9b\u6613\u7528\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u4fbf\u643a\u6027\u6bd4\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002 \u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u770bshell\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1a \u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c Linux\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684shell\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528bash (bourne again shell) \u8fdb\u884cshell\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3abash\u4e0d\u4ec5\u514d\u8d39\uff08\u81ea\u7531\uff09\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u811a\u672c\u90fd\u7528bash\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u811a\u672c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728bash\u7684\u524d\u8f88\uff0c bourne shell\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff09\u6267\u884c\u3002 \u5982\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5b57\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982nedit\u3001kedit\u3001emacs\u3001vi\u7b49\u6765\u7f16\u5199shell\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff09\uff1a \u4ee3\u7801: #!\/bin\/sh \u7b26\u53f7#!\u7528\u6765\u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u672c\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528\/bin\/sh\u3002\u7f16\u8f91\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff1a \u4ee3\u7801: chmod +x filename \u8fd9\u6837\u8f93\u5165 .\/filename \u4fbf\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u3002 \u6ce8\u91ca shell\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4ee5# \u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u884c\u8868\u793a\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u8bda\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u80fd\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u660e\u767d\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u2014\u2014\u6709\u4e86\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u66f4\u5229\u4e8e\u548c\u522b\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u4f60\u7684\u811a\u672c\u3002 \u53d8\u91cf \u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u3002shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u7531\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u8981\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199\uff1a \u4ee3\u7801: \u53d8\u91cf\u540d=\u503c \u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a$\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\uff1a \u4ee3\u7801: #!\/bin\/sh #\u5bf9\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a a=&#8221;hello world&#8221; #<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bash","category-shell"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840 - Jianqing&#039;s Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pjq.me\/?p=33\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840 - Jianqing&#039;s Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81eahttp:\/\/www.a5d.com\/infoview\/Article_1071.asp \u683c\u5f0f\u505a\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u52a8\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8865\u5145\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\/\u5165\u95e8\u6307\u5357\u3002 \u9274\u4e8e\u8bba\u575b\u91cc\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\/\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8f6c\u81f3\uff1a http:\/\/wiki.ubuntu.org.cn\/Shell%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fdb\u884cshell\u7f16\u7a0b 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